Level.



G. C. POWELL.

LEVEL. MPLICATION FILED MN.22| |911.

Patented De@.3,191s.

// /f fa f5 5 a fa f UNITE@ srArEs PATENT OEEIOE.

GEOEGEC. POWELL .OE CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOE, BY DIEECTAND I/IEsNE ASSIGN- v f y MENTS,y 'Io EDWARDS ILLINOIS.

LEVEL.

Patented Dec. 3,'1918.`

A'pplicationvled'anuary 22, 1,917. Serial No: 143,695:

To @ZL whom t may-concern.'

Be--it known that I, GEORGEy C. POWELL, a citizen ofthe United States, and a. resident of Chicago,- countyy ofGook, and State of Illinois', have' invented a certain' new, usefull` and Improved Level, of which the following isaispecication.`

My invention: relates to.l improvements in' levels;l ther objectbeing to provide a level of the kind'commonly' called masons level, in which the spiritnglassesf or vials'shall be so mounted asE toi: be' practically penna-nenty in position';:-inl which' a minimum amount ot steelt shall` hef removed: forthe placement of the vials; which leveli'seshalili'b'e capablevof-beling manufactured at a minimum costaud which sliall bey stronger and amore: durable l embodiment' thereof.

Y A A.furthen Object. of my," invention' is yto eliininategasffar as possible, lall possibility 1 of deterioration andi assure thefpemnanency of the" a'c'curateradjustment ofthe vials: or. glass tubes.`

My inventionzresides mainly'in the manner of mounting the.' glass spirit tubes in th'estock Of'thelevelwhich render possible the-attain.- l

Insaid drawings-:f-

Figure 1, is a fragmentary' elevation. of a masonsllevelmad accordance withA my invention y:metall-ifi: tubular supports: 10km?v the bodyf of Fig. 3f', is s a fragmentary longitudinal'I sectionl 'off thelevel on the line 3:1.-,31ofsEig- 2; and y Fig; 4, i'sa'.- fifagmentaryseetion vsimilar to 3', illiistratifngljthel manner.' .olliT inserting 'the tubular'supports; f

'M vent-ionrel etesy particularly to .f` the manner ofmountingfspinit glassesziirxleyels and consists primarily in first mountcl-ng the stock 1 1. The stock 11 has ordinarily sight openings 12,k one adjacent each end thereof, for le'vel glasses 13 and a central sight openmgl'fL for level-glasses 15.

&r POWELL Co.7 orI CIIIcAeo, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 0E i My invention has todo particularly with the mounting of the glasses 15 in the sight opening 14. These spirit-glasses or vials '1.5

are. arrangedlongitudinally in reference to the-body ofthe stock and. are substantially p parallel withthe side edges thereof., I prepare! the opening 14y with parallelf side walls lfandsemi-clrcular ends 17 asbest shownv in wood of the level stock 111- and I insertthese tubular supportsv 10in.- the stock 1l vby forcing them endwise into the-body ofthe stock. In the iigures-'of the'drawings thesevtubular supportsiareshown in their final inserted po;

sitionsand'the' fact that thetubes" are forced into1v the body of-l the stock causes the Wood of the-stock. to forcibly and wedgingly engage the surface of the tubes Iboth insidey and outsidelthereof.

In the operation of pressing ory forcing rvthe tubes into the stock no material of the stiockis` removed but the adjacent portions thereof are obviously' compressed and hence the i wedgingg;V engagement between tubes and the body ofthe stockmentioned! isproduced. For.- the purpose of clearlivvillustrating the manner of inserting the tubesl haveshown 1a: head 1.8;int Fig. 4, provided `with socket openings 19 adaptedL to receive two of the -tubes Y 10- and hold themin alinement, and; by

means: ofrwhichpressu're can be vapplied to 1thef tubes-to forcefthem' into f the stock, as shown. This head 18 is guided by the side walls 16 rofY the opening.A 14e and' .by means of fthe head they two tubes at one end of the openingsflifare fir-'st inserted'then the head 18 is reversedV and thetwo tubes atthe. opposite. .end of; the opening 14 are: similarl;7 -forcedaintopositio Y Eachfvof the'iv tubular supportshas its. free endfQ/O cut OH atl'an ang-leofabout de 'grees, .thefshorter sideibeing. arrangedadja'- cent tofthe-middle of.` the opening 14-vas shown in the drawings, and consequentlyY` the 1Imauxjimum;.\Y distancerbetween the, oppositely 65 Fig. 3. The opening 16 i's-wide lenough to Y distance to permit ,v brought into alinement with y fit the spiritz glasses, but a small left for ycement disposed tubular supports and the maximum exposure .of the spirit glass is adjacent to the center line of the level.'

., The tubularv supports having been insertedv as described I proceed to mount the spirit Vglass 15 therein. Inpreparation for this I have selected tubular supports which are slightly larger in internal diameter than the spirit glass to be i cement into the tubularsupports to completely fill Aall voids. Itis to be noted that but a's'mall quantity of the cement is necessary as vthe tubular supports substantially space being between the"two. I-Iaving mounted' one of the spiritv glassesl as des'cribedfI proceed to mount the opposite glass inthe same'manner. j'

Theus'ual manner of mounting the longitudinal spirit glassin levels is to provide enlarged dove* tailed sockets inthe body of the/level to receive a relatively large body of cement in whih the ends vof the spirit glass `are'embeded. The detrir'ne'ntalI feature of this manner of mounting spirit glasses -is thatit is practically yimpossible toy make sure thatall of the, voids in these large dove tail openings are' filled solid: with cement, and

A even if they are `lled substantially full of cement the body of the cement is necessarily solarge that'it is'lia'ble'to be fractured when the llevell 'is 'accidentally Vja'rred byy being any large amount or struck ory dropped. By my improved means of mounting spirit glasses I avoid theuse of body'of cement and the tubular supports v'which I arey permanently "subjecttov being displaced by any shock or ]ar.- s a final means ofY adjustment ofv the spiritl glasses,

` pegaron. the ieveiis'place'd upon@ horizon tal surface and? then the spirit glass is pressed down at one end or the .other to i cause the bubble 21 to assume its'proper'povsitionbetween the'ga'ge marks 22, atwhich time the final insertion of the cement laround. Y the yends of ythe .f "spirit glass` in.E ther` tulbular supports is accomplished bymeans of a suitable spatula.;

.ff :TheV spirit glassesA -arefprotected- Lby: tglass so that, inuse, thel bubbles will be heldinthe level stock and are not.

they v having" been placed in.

plates 23 lwhich are inserted into the body of the level at each side of the two spirit glasses, as shown in Fig. 3, and for this purpose I counterbore the opening 14 providing shoulders 24 upon which 'the glasses 23 are supported. The glasses 23 are'held in position by suitable fasteners 25 and; putty 26.

' Before mounting surface of the opening 14 with white paint,

most distinctly shown.

By means, of my invention I'have eliminated the necessity of producing the sockets in the stock yof the level at the ends of the opening 14, which-sockets it has always been the tubular supports 'in i the opening 14 I preferably paint the inside difficult to make 'of suitable minimum size en account of the necessity of producing the sockets by means of a boring tool which had to 'be arranged at an angle longitud-inallyl to the stock'of the levelin order to produce the sockets in propery position. j

As many modications of my invention will readily suggest themselves to ione skilled inthe art I do not limit or conne my invention to the specic structures herein shown and described. f 'I claim y opening adjacent tothe nii dle ofits length extending from face to face and having end 1. A wooden' level vstock'plrovided with an i walls, alined tubular vialfsupports parallel 2 with the longitudinal edges of the stock and extending into saidopening. from vthe end Talls thereof, the opposite ends of the tubes projectingV into said:` end walls and rigidly held thereby, the outer lsurfaces of said tube contacting firmly with the wood of the stock, and a. sp-irit `vial or tube extending within bothl said tubes and. rigidly held therein by suitable cement. f f

2.v In a level having a wooden stock,

tubular vial .support held in said `stock in a socket having a bottom integral with the stock. "Y' g i' y 3. In a level having a-wooden stock, a tubular vial support heldy rigidly mounted thereon 1in' a socket 'arranged parallel with the longitudinal side edges ofthe stock, the 5 y sockethaving a bottom stock. M f' 4.7In a tubular vial support stock by having one end thereof extending into the body of the stock and collfacting therewith, the wall at the inner end of the `support being body of the stock.

f 5. Ina tubular -Vial support held rigidly in the stock by having one endthereof extending `integral yw-ith the rigidly held in .the

level having a wooden jstock, l

level' 'having'a wooden stock, a u

integral. with the wooden into the'bodyof the stock and contacting threwith. both. outsideand inside of the 131,6.1' .Wfjv t ein a-.ieyeiphaving-g wooden stecke@ tubular y vial Support' rigidly held therein i with one end projecting into an opening provided in the `stock by having the other end inserted into the body of the stock from said opening, the material of the stock contacting with inserted end being integral with the remainder thereof.

7. In a level having a, Wooden stock, a tubular vial support driven or pressed into the body of the stock and contacting irmly therewith both within and Without the tube.

8. In a level having a Wooden stock, a tubular vial support held irmly thereby in a socket formed lby driving the tube endwise into the body of the stock through the integral Wall of an'opening therein.

9. In a level having a Wooden stock, a tubular vial support mounted in the Wood of the stock by being pressed endWise int@ same for about one half its length.

10. In a level having a, Wooden stock provided with an opening, opposed alined tubu- Copies of this patent may be obtained for larssupports pressed endwise into the body of the stock through the integral Walls of said opening and held thereby, in combina-` tion with a glass vial held Within the said alined tubes, the vial being slightly smaller y ness.

GEORGE C. POWELL. Witness:

EDWARD FArWrLsoN.

ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, p Washingtm, D. G. 

